Abstract: Climate change hurts the rural poor the most, and they might not afford to migrate permanently. Can seasonal migration help? We combine census data on permanent migration in India with a new measure of seasonal migration based on monthly station-to-station passenger data from Indian Railways (2011–2020). We show that seasonal flows are large and highly reactive to weather shocks. We develop and estimate a quantitative spatial model where rural workers can choose between migrating permanently or staying, with the option to migrate seasonally in bad years. We show that climate migration in India will be seasonal rather than permanent.